Pepper is one of the industrial crops with high economic and export value, which is being invested in and developed strongly in our country. Every year, this crop brings in a fairly high income compared to many other crops. Pepper can be grown on many different types of soil.
However, to achieve high productivity, in addition to the issue of varieties and care measures, it also needs to be provided with adequate necessary nutrients.
For land converted from other perennial crops (such as coffee, rubber, cocoa, cashew…) it needs to be plowed to loosen the soil, and cleared of large tree branches and roots.
According to agricultural experts, pepper growing soil requires the following conditions:
- soil pH from 5.5 – 6.5, not acidic
- 1-2m cultivation layer rich in humus and loose
- Has good drainage, not subject to prolonged flooding, especially during the rainy season
- For land converted from other perennial crops (such as coffee, rubber, cocoa, cashew…) it is necessary to plow to loosen the soil, clear large tree branches and roots. Treat nematodes and other pathogens in the soil. It is possible to plant 1-2 crops (prioritizing legumes) before planting pepper to stabilize the soil and restore beneficial microorganisms in the soil.
- During the cultivation of color crops, live pole plants can be planted first, so that when pepper is released, the live poles have developed well enough.
- For newly reclaimed land, the same procedure is followed and if conditions permit, green manure, manure, organic carbon, microorganisms, etc. should be added during the plowing process.
1. Control the pH of the soil for growing pepper
In which, the pH of the soil, also known as the reaction of the soil, greatly affects the life of the plant. If grown in soil conditions with low pH (acidic soil), the plant is very susceptible to disease and productivity decreases.
Pepper is a plant that is very fond of near-neutral soil. When the soil pH reaches about 6.0, the roots grow very strongly, the plant absorbs nutrients very well, and the leaf color is beautiful.
To get the desired pH, we introduce to you the product Nema2, which helps balance the pH, improve and loosen the soil. Creating conditions for microorganisms to grow, pepper roots easily absorb nutrients, thereby increasing pepper productivity.
2. About pepper planting density and spacing
Depending on the slope of the land, fertility and planting style (monocropping or intercropping). Planting density and spacing will vary, usually planting at a distance of 2.5m x 2.5m is optimal.
- Density 1,200 – 1,600 pepper poles/hectare.
- Maximum does not exceed 2,000 poles/hectare.
3. Choosing pepper varieties
Most of the current pepper varieties have been selected, so there is not much difference in yield and growth.
People should choose varieties that are well-known and have stable yield such as
- Vinh Linh pepper: High and stable yield, fast growth but poor disease resistance
- Buffalo pepper: Slightly lower yield, but the plant grows strongly and is more disease resistant
- Sri Lanka pepper: Lots of fruit, good yield, growth and disease resistance
- Other pepper varieties: Phu Quoc pepper, Loc Ninh pepper, Ba Ria pepper… are all quite good choices
4. Cultivation time
The most suitable time to plant pepper is at the beginning of the rainy season, around April-May DL. However, if you are proactive about irrigation water, you can plant earlier when the weather warms up after Lunar New Year (around February-March DL).
In addition, if you plant intercropping – intercropping coffee, you can also plant later, around June. About 1 month before planting, you should prepare the planting hole, the planting hole is usually 30 to 40cm in size if planting 1 pepper bulb/hole, or 50 to 60cm if planting 2 pepper bulbs/hole.
5. Preventing pepper pests
Pepper is a sensitive plant and is vulnerable to pests. Once infected, the disease spreads very quickly and treatment is costly and ineffective, so the main thing is disease prevention.
The following principles need to be applied and strictly followed
- Regularly visit the garden to detect pests in time
- Clean the garden, prune the pepper poles to create a dry and airy space
- On the surface of the planting soil, there should be vegetation (all kinds of grass) to share pathogens, limit the spread of disease, keep the soil moist during the dry season, however, it is necessary to regularly clear the grass periodically with a weed cutter, avoid dense grass which is counterproductive
- Do not plant pepper at too high a density
- Limit raking, damaging the pepper roots
- Balance fertilizer, prioritize organic fertilizers and foliar fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers should only be used during important growth stages
- Annually, antagonistic fungi and microorganisms should be added benefits
- Spray fungicides and pesticides periodically, especially during the transition between seasons, to prevent sucking insects when the plant sprouts and prepares to flower
- When detecting diseased plants, it is necessary to isolate, treat and destroy them immediately to avoid spreading
The above is some information that JVSF wants to send to pepper farmers. Hopefully it will provide the necessary knowledge to help the crop yield a bumper crop
Mua sản phẩm Carbon Hữu Cơ Nema2 từ nhà sản xuất tại:
Website: https://jvsf.vn/
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Hotline: (+84) 945.306.068
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